Residence Times Difference Fluxgate Magnetometer in “Horseshoe Coupled” Configuration

Fluxgate magnetometers are, possibly, the simplest and most convenient magnetic flux sensors yet capable, in controlled environments with some well-conceived technical embellishments, to detect fields order of 50nT or less. In practice, they are limited by presence unwanted contaminating signals, these include sensor noise floor as well noise-contamination target signal interest. The Residence Times Difference (RTD) readout technique was conceived a protocol that is remarkable its simplicity ability outperform conventional “second harmonic” readout. this work we address issue fluxgate sensitivity spurious DC field while ensuring delivers high responsivity signal. This achieved through “Horseshoe Configuration”: three rod-core fluxgates connected series forming U (horseshoe) output drawn only from one secondary (or pick-up) coil using RTD mechanism. two branches configuration yield differential mechanism vis-a-vis (unwanted) external field, “localized” being placed proximity air gap horseshoe. A theoretical analysis efficacy considering geometry, demagnetizing effect, sensing carried out. results confirm assumptions: (spurious) can be reduced enhanced, concomitant enhanced tolerance noise. appear promising for detection very small fields, e.g. encountered project “IRMA Parkinson Cyclone Life” non-invasive diagnosis neuroferritinopathies few milligrams iron inside brain.